Fungal Rhinosinusitis

Fungal Rhinosinusitis

We all inhale fungal spores every day and these are usually trapped in the mucous and cleared not resulting in any sequelae. However, there are times when sinusitis is caused and this can be divided into two groups, the invasive and the non-invasive form.  In the...
Management of Septal Deviation

Management of Septal Deviation

The nose is first examined using a headlight which will also assess the external nose.  A rigid or a flexible telescope is then used to assess the inside of the nose including the back of the nose and sinus openings.  Investigations may then be required, for instance,...
Deviated Nasal Septum

Deviated Nasal Septum

This is extremely common, especially in Caucasians.  Other causes are developmental, which may be associated with a high-arched palate.  Deviations can run in the family with parents and or siblings having the same problem.  Trauma is often associated...
Nasal Septal Overview

Nasal Septal Overview

The septum is a thin tissue in the middle of the nose separating the nose into two chambers.  It is made up of rigid bone towards the back and flexible cartilage towards the front of the nose.  It is lined by normal mucosa.  There are a number of causes of abnormal...
Nasal Blockage – Investigations and Treatment

Nasal Blockage – Investigations and Treatment

A history is followed by an examination which will include a nasal endoscopy.  This will result in an accurate working diagnosis and will help you decide whether further imaging is required.  Plain x-rays such as a lateral neck is not very useful but a CT scan and an...
Nasal – Sequela

Nasal – Sequela

The consequences of nasal obstruction in children are usually stertor with or without apnoea.  This can result in cardiac failure which is seen in the younger child usually about the age of one.  A blocked nose can affect teeth and palate growth with malalignment of...